Liquid Tags

This page documents standard tags that are available with every Environment by default. See custom tags for examples of how to write your own and the extra tag reference for some non-standard tags.

info

Some of the examples here are borrowed from Shopify's Liquid documentation. You can find their license here.

`#` (inline comment)

{% # ... %}

New in Python Liquid version 1.2.0
New in Ruby Liquid version 5.4.0

Comment out one or more lines with a single inline tag.

{% # This is a comment %}
{%-
  # Comments can span multiple lines,
  # but every line must start with a hash.
-%}

Inside liquid tags, any line starting with a hash will be considered a comment.

{% liquid
  # This is a comment
  echo "Hello"
%}

output

Hello

You can't comment out other Liquid tags using an inline comment.

{%- # {% echo 'Hello, World!' %} -%}

output

-%}

assign

{% assign <identifier> = <primitive,identifier> [| <filter> [| <filter> ... ]] %}

Set the value of a named variable for later use.

{% assign some_variable = false %}
{%- if some_variable != true -%}
Lets go!
{%- endif -%}

output

Lets go!

capture

{% capture <identifier> %} <literal,statement,tag> ... {% endcapture %}

Set the value of a named variable by rendering and capturing the tag's block. capture blocks can contain any number of other tags and/or statements.

{% assign favorite_food = "pizza" -%}
{% assign age = 35 -%}

{% capture about_me -%}
I am {{ age }} and my favorite food is {{ favorite_food }}.
{%- endcapture -%}

{{ about_me }}

output

I am 35 and my favourite food is pizza.

case

{% case <identifier> %}
  [ {% when <primitive,identifier> %} <literal,statement,tag> ... ] ...
  [ {% else %} <literal,statement,tag> ... ]
{% endcase %}

Switch on a variable, executing a block of code when the case expression is equal to one or more when expressions, or the optional else block if no when expressions match.

{% assign handle = "cake" %}
{% case handle %}
  {% when "cake" %}
     This is a cake
  {% when "cookie", "biscuit" %}
     This is a cookie
  {% else %}
     This is not a cake nor a cookie
{% endcase %}

output

This is a cake

If multiple when expression match the case expression, multiple blocks will be evaluated (or even the same block multiple time, in some cases).

{% assign handle = "cake" %}
{% assign favorite = "cake" %}
{% case handle %}
  {% when "cake" %}
    This is a cake
  {% when "cookie", "biscuit" %}
    This is a cookie
  {% when favorite %}
    This is my favorite
  {% else %}
    This is not a cake nor a cookie
{% endcase %}

output

This is a cake
This is my favorite

comment

{% comment %} ... {% endcomment %}

Mark a block of template text as a comment. Comment blocks are never evaluated or rendered.

{% assign verb = "turned" %}
{% comment %}
{% assign verb = "converted" %}
{% endcomment %}
Anything you put between {% comment %} and {% endcomment %} tags
is {{ verb }} into a comment.

output


Anything you put between  tags
is turned into a comment.

cycle

{% cycle [ <string>: ] object [, object ... ] %}

Yield the next in a sequence of objects each time cycle appears. When the sequence is exhausted, it will start again from the beginning.

info

Ruby Liquid's documentation says cycle must be used within a for loop. Running the golden-liquid test suit against Ruby Liquid suggests this is not the case. cycle tags in Python Liquid do not require a for loop.

caution

While Python Liquid will accept cycle arguments of any type, including identifiers to be resolved, this behavior is considered "unintended" or "undefined" in Ruby Liquid (see issue #1519). If you need interoperability between Python Liquid and Ruby Liquid, only use strings or numbers as arguments to cycle.

{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}

output
one
two
three
one

If cycle arguments differ, a new iterator is created.

{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two" %}
{% cycle 1, 2 %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}

output
one
one
1
two
three
one

You can give cycle a name to further distinguish multiple iterators with the same items.

{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "foo": "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "foo": "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}
{% cycle "one", "two", "three" %}

output
one
one
two
two
three
one

decrement

{% decrement <identifier> %}

Output the next value in a named counter. Starting at 0, each time decrement appears, the counter is reduced by 1 before being output.

{% decrement my_counter %}
{% decrement my_counter %}
{% decrement my_counter %}

output
-1
-2
-3

Named counters use a separate namespace from variables created with assign or capture tags.

{% assign my_counter = 5 %}
{{ my_counter }}
{% decrement my_counter %}
{% decrement my_counter %}
{% decrement my_counter %}
{{ my_counter }}

output
5
-1
-2
-3
5

echo

{% echo <primitive,identifier> [| <filter> [| <filter> ... ]] %}

A tag equivalent to the output statement ({{ ... }}). echo is intended to be used inside liquid tags, where output statements are not allowed.

data
{
  "collection": {
    "products": [{ "title": "Hat" }, { "title": "Shirt" }, { "title": "Pants" }]
  }
}

template
{% liquid
for product in collection.products
  echo product.title | capitalize
endfor
%}

output
Hat
Shirt
Pants

for

{% for <identifier> in <identifier,range>
    [ limit: <integer> ] [ offset: <integer,'continue'> ] [ reversed ] %}
  <literal,statement,tag> ...
  [ {% else %} <literal,statement,tag> ... ]
{% endfor %}

Render a block once for each item in a sequence.

data
{
  "collection": {
    "products": [{ "title": "Hat" }, { "title": "Shirt" }, { "title": "Pants" }]
  }
}

template
{% for product in collection.products %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output
Hat
Shirt
Pants

break

Exit a loop early with the {% break %} tag.

template
{% for product in collection.products %}
    {% if product.title == "Shirt" %}
        {% break %}
    {% endif %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output

Hat

continue

Skip all or part of a loop iteration with the {% continue %} tag.

template
{% for product in collection.products %}
    {% if product.title == "Shirt" %}
        {% continue %}
    {% endif %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output

Hat
Pants

else

Render a default block if the sequence is empty or undefined.

template
{% for product in empty_collection %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% else %}
    No products available
{% endfor %}

output

No products available

forloop

A forloop object is available inside every for loop block.

Property	Description	Type
`name`	The loop variable name and target identifier, separated by a hyphen.	string
`length`	The length of the sequence being iterated.	integer
`index`	The 1-base index of the current iteration.	integer
`index0`	The 0-base index of the current iteration.	integer
`rindex`	The 1-base index of the current iteration counting from the end.	integer
`rindex0`	The 0-base index of the current iteration counting from the end.	integer
`first`	`true` if the current iteration is the first, `false` otherwise.	bool
`last`	`true` is the current iteration is the last, `false` otherwise.	bool
`parentloop`	the `forloop` object of an enclosing `for` loop.	forloop

template
{% for product in collection.products %}
    {% if forloop.first %}
      <b>{{ product.title }}</b> - {{ forloop.index0 }}
    {% else %}
      {{ product.title }} - {{ forloop.index0 }}
    {% endif %}
{% endfor %}

output
<b>Hat</b> - 0
Shirt - 1
Pants - 2

forloop.parentloop

Access a parent forloop object when for tags are nested.

template
{% assign colors = "Red, Blue, Green" | split: ", " %}
{% for product in collection.products %}
  {% for color in colors %}
    {% if forloop.parentloop.first %}
      <b>{{ color }} {{ product.title }}</b>
    {% else %}
      {{ color }} {{ product.title }}
    {% endif %}

  {% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

output
<b>Red Hat</b>
<b>Blue Hat</b>
<b>Green Hat</b>
Red Shirt
Blue Shirt
Green Shirt
Red Pants
Blue Pants
Green Pants

limit

If a limit is specified, the loop will stop after the given number of iterations.

template
{% for product in collection.products limit: 2 %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output

Hat
Shirt

offset

If an offset is specified, the loop will start at the given index in the sequence.

template
{% for product in collection.products offset: 1 %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output

Shirt
Pants

offset: continue

After using limit, you can start a new loop from where the previous one left off using offset: continue.

template
{% for product in collection.products limit: 2 %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

{% for product in collection.products offset: continue %}
    {{ product.title }}!
{% endfor %}

output
Hat
Shirt

Pants!

reversed

If the reversed flag is given, the target sequence will be iterated in reverse order.

template
{% for product in collection.products reversed %}
    {{ product.title }}
{% endfor %}

output
Pants
Shirt
Hat

range

(<number>..<number>)

Ranges are also valid sequences in for loop expressions. A range expression yields a sequence of integers inclusive of start and stop.

template
{% for i in (1..4) %}
    {{ i }}
{% endfor %}

output
1
2
3
4

if

{% if <expression> %}
  <literal,statement,tag> ...
  [ {% elsif <expression> %} <literal,statement,tag> ... [ {% elsif <expression> %} ... ]]
  [ {% else %} <literal,statement,tag> ... ]
{% endif %}

Render a block if the tag's expression evaluates to true.

data
{
  "product": {
    "title": "Awesome Shoes"
  }
}

{% if product.title == "Awesome Shoes" %}
  These shoes are awesome!
{% endif %}

output

These shoes are awesome!

Use the else tag to render a block if the if expression and any elsif expression all evaluate to false.

{% if product.title == "OK Hat" %}
  This hat is OK.
{% elsif product.title == "Rubbish Tie" %}
  This tie is rubbish.
{% else %}
  Not sure what this is.
{% endif %}

output

Not sure what this is.

Expressions

if expressions are free to use the following comparison and logical operators.

Comparison Operators

Operator	Name	Example
`==`	Equal	`product.title == "Nice Shoes"`
`!=`	Not equal	`user.name != "anonymous"`
`>`	Greater than	`product.was_price > product.price`
`<`	Less than	`collection.products.size < 10`
`>=`	Greater than or equal to	`user.age >= 18`
`<=`	Less than or equal to	`basket.size <= 0`

Logical Operators

<left> <operator> <right>

Operator	Description
`and`	Returns true if both left and right statements evaluate to true
`or`	Returns true if either statement evaluates to true

info

Standard Liquid does not have a logical not operator, nor does it support grouping terms with parentheses. The non-standard if (not) tag is a drop-in replacement that does supports a logical not operator and grouping terms with parentheses.

In Liquid, and and or operators are right associative. Where true and false and false or true is equivalent to (true and (false and (false or true))), evaluating to false. Python, on the other hand, would parse the same expression as (((true and false) and false) or true), evaluating to true.

Membership Operators

<string,array> contains <string>

Operator	Description
`contains`	Returns true if the string on the right is a member or substring of the array or string on the left.

Truthy and Falsy

Only false and nil are falsy, everything else is truthy. Even empty strings and arrays. Compare strings and arrays to empty to check for emptiness.

{% if somearray != empty %}
  Do something with the array.
{% endif %}

info

Unlike Python, in Liquid 0 does not equal false and 1 does not equal true.

ifchanged

{% ifchanged %} <literal,statement,tag> ... {% endifchanged %}

Render a block if, when rendered, it has not changed since the last occurrence of ifchanged.

caution

The ifchanged tag is an undocumented feature of Ruby Liquid. You can find the Ruby Liquid implementation here.

{% assign greeting = "Hello" %}

{% ifchanged %}
  {{ greeting }}, World!
{% endifchanged %}

{% ifchanged %}
  {{ greeting }}, World!
{% endifchanged %}

{% assign greeting = "Goodbye" %}

{% ifchanged %}
  {{ greeting }}, World!
{% endifchanged %}

output

Hello, World!
Goodbye, World!

include

{% include <string,identifier>
    [ ( with | for ) <identifier> [ as <identifier> ]]
    [[,] <identifier>: <object> [, [<identifier>: <object> ... ]]]
%}

Render the content of a named template. The name can be a string literal or a variable containing a string. The included template will share the namespace of the current template.

info

include is not allowed inside a template rendered with render. You should expect a DisabledTagError from Python Liquid if you do so.

partial_template
{% comment %} I'm a partial template {% endcomment %}
{{ greeting }}, World!

{% assign greeting = "Hello" %}
{% include "partial_template" %}

output

Hello, World!

for / as

Render a template once for each item in a sequence using for / as syntax.

{% assign greetings = "Hello, Goodbye" | split: ", " %}
{% include "partial_template" for greetings as greeting %}

output

Hello, World!
Goodbye, World!

with / as

Add an object to the included template's scope. By default the object will have the same name as the included template. Use as to change the objects name.

info

When using with / as, there's no functional difference to using keyword arguments.

greeting
{% comment %} I'm a partial template {% endcomment %}
{{ greeting }}, World!

{% assign greetings = "Hello, Goodbye" | split: ", " %}
{% include "greeting" with greetings[1] %}

output

Goodbye, World!

Keyword Arguments

Add one or more variables to the included template's scope.

partial_template
{% comment %} I'm a partial template {% endcomment %}
{% for i in (1..num) %}
  {% if i == skip %}
    {% continue %}
  {% endif %}
  {{ greeting }}, World! {i}
{% endfor %}

{% include "partial_template" greeting: "Hello", num: 3, skip: 2 %}

output

Hello, World! 1
Hello, World! 3

increment

{% increment <identifier> %}

Output the next value in a named counter. Starting at 0, each time increment appears, the counter is output, then incremented by 1.

{% increment my_counter %}
{% increment my_counter %}
{% increment my_counter %}

output
0
1
2

Named counters use a separate namespace from variables created with assign or capture tags.

{% assign my_counter = 5 %}
{{ my_counter }}
{% increment my_counter %}
{% increment my_counter %}
{% increment my_counter %}
{{ my_counter }}

output
5
0
1
2
5

liquid

{% liquid
<tag name> <expression>
[ <tag name> <expression> ... ]
[ end<tag name> ]
...
%}

Combine multiple Liquid tags in a concise, shorthand syntax. Omitting the usual tag start and end sequences ({% and %}), each line starts with a tag name and, separated by spaces or tabs, finishes with the tag's expression.

Output statements ({{ ... }}) are not valid inside liquid tags. Use echo instead.

{% liquid
assign username = "Brian"

if username
  echo "Hello, " | append: username
else
  echo "Hello, user"
endif

for i in (1..3)
  echo i
endfor
%}

output

Hello, Brian123

raw

{% raw %} <literal> {% endraw %}

Render text containing literal {{, }}, {% and %} strings. Everything inside a raw block will not be parsed as a Liquid template.

{% raw %}
In Handlebars, {{ this }} will be HTML-escaped, but {{{ that }}} will not.
{% endraw %}

output

In Handlebars, {{ this }} will be HTML-escaped, but {{{ that }}} will not.

render

{% render <string> [ ( with | for ) <identifier> [ as <identifier> ]] [[,] <identifier>: <object> [, [<identifier>: <object> ... ]]] %}

Render a named template. The template name must be a string literal. The template will be rendered with its own namespace. That is, it wont have access to variables set with assign or capture in the parent template.

info

include is not allowed inside a template rendered with render. You should expect a DisabledTagError from Python Liquid if you do so.

data
{
  "product": {
    "title": "A Hat",
    "variants": [{ "title": "Red" }, { "title": "Blue" }]
  }
}

partial_template
<h4>Some Heading</h4>

template
<h3>{{ product.title }}</h3>
{% render "partial_template" %}

output

<h3>A Hat</h3>
<h4>Some Heading</h4>

for / as

Render a template once for each item in a sequence using for / as syntax.

info

A forloop object is available inside templates rendered with the for / as syntax. forloop.parentloop will always be undefined.

partial_template
<li>{{ variant.title }}</li>

template
<h3>{{ product.title }}</h3>
<ol>
  {% render "partial_template" for product.variants as variant %}
</ol>

output
<h3>A Hat</h3>
<ol>
  <li>Red</li>
  <li>Blue</li>
</ol>

with / as

Add an object to the rendered template's namespace using with / as syntax.

partial_template
<li>{{ variant.title }}</li>

template
<h3>{{ product.title }}</h3>
<ol>
  {% render "partial_template" with product.variants[0] as variant %}
</ol>

output
<h3>A Hat</h3>
<ol>
  <li>Red</li>
</ol>

Keyword Arguments

Add one or more variables to the rendered template's scope.

partial_template
{% comment %} I'm a partial template {% endcomment %}
{% for i in (1..num) %}
  {% if i == skip %}
    {% continue %}
  {% endif %}
  {{ greeting }}, World! {i}
{% endfor %}

{% render "partial_template" greeting: "Hello", num: 3, skip: 2 %}

output

Hello, World! 1
Hello, World! 3

tablerow

{% tablerow <identifier> in <identifier,range>
    [ cols: <integer> ] [ limit: <integer> ] [ offset: <integer> ] %}
  <identifier>
{% endtablerow %}

Render HTML table row (<tr></tr>) and table data (<td></td>) elements for each item in a sequence.

data
{
  "collection": {
    "products": [
      { "title": "Cool Shirt" },
      { "title": "Alien Poster" },
      { "title": "Batman Poster" },
      { "title": "Bullseye Shirt" },
      { "title": "Another Classic Vinyl" },
      { "title": "Awesome Jeans" }
    ]
  }
}

template
<table>
{% tablerow product in collection.products %}
  {{ product.title }}
{% endtablerow %}
</table>

output
<table>
  <tr class="row1">
    <td class="col1">Cool Shirt</td>
    <td class="col2">Alien Poster</td>
    <td class="col3">Batman Poster</td>
    <td class="col4">Bullseye Shirt</td>
    <td class="col5">Another Classic Vinyl</td>
    <td class="col6">Awesome Jeans</td>
  </tr>
</table>

cols

By default, tablerow will output one row, and one column for each item in the sequence. Use the cols parameter to set the number of columns.

template
{% tablerow product in collection.products cols:2 %}
  {{ product.title }}
{% endtablerow %}

output
<table>
  <tr class="row1">
    <td class="col1">Cool Shirt</td>
    <td class="col2">Alien Poster</td>
  </tr>
  <tr class="row2">
    <td class="col1">Batman Poster</td>
    <td class="col2">Bullseye Shirt</td>
  </tr>
  <tr class="row3">
    <td class="col1">Another Classic Vinyl</td>
    <td class="col2">Awesome Jeans</td>
  </tr>
</table>

limit

If a limit is specified, the tablerow loop will stop after the given number of iterations.

template
<table>
{% tablerow product in collection.products limit:2 %}
  {{ product.title }}
{% endtablerow %}
</table>

output
<table>
  <tr class="row1">
    <td class="col1">Cool Shirt</td>
    <td class="col2">Alien Poster</td>
  </tr>
</table>

offset

If an offset is specified, the tablerow loop will start at the given index in the sequence.

template
<table>
{% tablerow product in collection.products offset:4 %}
  {{ product.title }}
{% endtablerow %}
</table>

output
<table>
  <tr class="row1">
    <td class="col1">Another Classic Vinyl</td>
    <td class="col2">Awesome Jeans</td>
  </tr>
</table>

tablerowloop

A tablerowloop object is available inside every tablerow block.

Property	Description	Type
`length`	The length of the sequence being iterated	integer
`index`	The 1-base index of the current iteration	integer
`index0`	The 0-base index of the current iteration	integer
`rindex`	The 1-base index of the current iteration counting from the end	integer
`rindex0`	The 0-base index of the current iteration counting from the end	integer
`first`	`true` if the current iteration is the first, `false` otherwise	bool
`last`	`true` is the current iteration is the last, `false` otherwise	bool
`col`	The 1-based column number	integer
`col0`	The 0-based column number	integer
`col_first`	`true` if the current column is the first column, `false` otherwise	integer
`col_last`	`true` if the current column is the last column, `false` otherwise	integer
`row`	The current row number of the table	integer

template
{% tablerow product in collection.products cols:2 %}
  {{ product.title }} - {{ tablerowloop.col0 }}
{% endtablerow %}

output
<table>
  <tr class="row1">
    <td class="col1">Cool Shirt - 0</td>
    <td class="col2">Alien Poster - 1</td>
  </tr>
  <tr class="row2">
    <td class="col1">Batman Poster - 0</td>
    <td class="col2">Bullseye Shirt< - 1/td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr class="row3">
    <td class="col1">Another Classic Vinyl - 0</td>
    <td class="col2">Awesome Jeans - 1</td>
  </tr>
</table>

unless

{% unless <expression> %}
  <literal,statement,tag> ...
  [ {% elsif <expression> %} <literal,statement,tag> ... [ {% elsif <expression> %} ... ]]
  [ {% else %} <literal,statement,tag> ... ]
{% endif %}

Render a block if the tag's expression evaluates to false. The opposite of if. See if expressions for details.

data
{
  "product": {
    "title": "Rubbish Hat"
  }
}

template
{% unless product.title == "Awesome Shoes" %}
  These shoes are not awesome.
{% endunless %}

output

These shoes are not awesome.

Use an else tag to define a block to render in case the unless expression evaluates to true.

template
{% unless product.title == "Rubbish Hat" %}
  These shoes are not awesome.
{% else %}
  I need a new hat.
{% endunless %}

output

I need a new hat.

unless also supports any number of elsif tags. Unlike an unless expression, elsif blocks are rendered if their expression evaluates to true.

template
{% unless product.title == "Rubbish Hat" %}
  These shoes are not awesome.
{% elsif product.title == "Boring Tie" %}
  This tie is not awesome.
{% else %}
  I need a new hat.
{% endunless %}

output

I need a new hat.

Liquid Tags

# (inline comment)​

assign​

capture​

case​

comment​

cycle​

decrement​

echo​

for​

break​

continue​

else​

forloop​

forloop.parentloop​

limit​

offset​

offset: continue​

reversed​

range​

if​

Expressions​

Comparison Operators​

Logical Operators​

Membership Operators​

Truthy and Falsy​

ifchanged​

include​

for / as​

with / as​

Keyword Arguments​

increment​

liquid​

raw​

render​

for / as​

with / as​

Keyword Arguments​

tablerow​

cols​

limit​

offset​

tablerowloop​

unless​

`#` (inline comment)

assign

capture

case

comment

cycle

decrement

echo

for

break

continue

else

forloop

forloop.parentloop

limit

offset

offset: continue

reversed

range

if

Expressions

Comparison Operators

Logical Operators

Membership Operators

Truthy and Falsy

ifchanged

include

for / as

with / as

Keyword Arguments

increment

liquid

raw

render

for / as

with / as

Keyword Arguments

tablerow

cols

limit

offset

tablerowloop

unless